Understanding This Hormone Imbalance

What Is Polycystic Ovary Syndrome?

Polycystic ovary syndrom (PCOS) causes harmless cysts in the ovaries. It also causes some of the other symptoms listed below. PCOS is caused by certain hormones being out of balance. Treatment can give you regular periods and keep PCOS under control.

PCOS Symptoms

The word "syndrome" means a group of symptoms. Women with PCOS have no periods, irregular periods, or very long periods. They may also have one or more of these symptoms:

• Trouble getting pregnant (fertility problems)
• Weight gain
• Acne
• Hair growth on the face and other parts of the body

If it is not treated, PCOS may also increase a woman's risk for cancer of the uterine lining.

Your Evaluation

A doctor's evaluation helps rule out other problems and confirm that you have PCOS. Your doctor may start by asking you questions and examining you. Blood tests may be done. Imaging tests such as ultrasound may also be done to give the doctor a closer look at your ovaries.

Treatment Options

The cysts are not harmful. But the hormone imbalance and a lack of ovulation can cause health problems if not treated. Treatment may relieve some of your symptoms and help prevent future problems. Treatment options include the following:

• Birth control pills to help you have regular periods
• Pills containing the hormone progesterone to regulate your periods if you can't, or choose not to, take birth control pills.
• Medications to help you ovulate if you wish to become pregnant.

Birth control pills may help control new hair growth. Other medication can also be prescribed to help prevent new hair growth. Electrolysis or waxing can help remove unwanted hair you already have. Your doctor may also prescribe a weight loss plan. In some women with PCOS, a loss of weight affects hormone levels and makes ovulation begin again.

Your Ovaries

A woman's ovaries are where her eggs are stored. Each egg is in a capsule called a follicle. Each month, one follicle grows to produce a mature egg. This egg is released (ovulation) and the follicle dissolves.

Hormones Out Of Balance

With polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the chemicals (hormones) that control ovulation are out of balance. As a result, ovulation may not occur. Instead, the follicle stays enlarged. This is a cyst (fluid-filled sac). Over time, the ovaries fill with many cysts. This is why they are called "poly" (many) "cystic" ovaries. In some women, the ovaries also make too many male hormones. This can cause symptoms such as acne and extra hair growth.

Gaining Control

Following your doctor's plan can regulate your cycle. This may help you feel more in control of your body. It may also help you become pregnant if that is your goal. Follow all guidelines you're given. And have pelvic exams as often as your doctor suggests.

Disclaimer: The articles and information, while with the best effort to be accurate and up-to-date, may not be. Also, every physician and medical professional holds their own views on certain diagnosis and advice. There truly are no textbook cases. It is always best to consult with your personal physician regarding medical/health related problems. The information is to be used as a general resource and not as a substitute for trained medical advice and/or treatment.